"Not all" versus "all are not"

There is a clear difference in meaning between

All X are not Y.

and

Not all X are Y.

The first statement, taken literally, says that no member of group X has attribute Y.

Most people don't mean it that way, but by using that construct, they sow confusion.

If you mean that only some members of group X have attribute Y, while some do, then say that:

Not all X are Y.

If you mean that zero members of group X have attribute Y, then please use a different construct:

No X are Y. 

Lindsey Graham

Lindsey Graham wants federal judges who are in their mid-to-late-60s to retire so they can be replaced now.

Lindsey Graham is 64. Shouldn't he, by his measure, retire now?

COVID-19

Some say that COVID-19 is a god's punishment for the behavior of some-or-other minority group.

They could not be more wrong.

It's not a punishment, but it can be viewed as Nature showing who's really in charge.

Humanity is a plague on this planet, and we destroy more than we create.

On religion and "persecution"

If you're prevented from forcing your religious views on everyone, that doesn't mean you're being persecuted.